竹亭聽雨

result = 1+1

result+2

6%4

1.2e2-10

2

4

2

110.0

string_a = "hello" + ' ' + 'world'

first_word = string_a[:5]

string_f = 'My name is {name}, I am {age} years old.'.format(name='dokelung', age=27)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

print '打上面那行後就可以用中文字串'

'hello world'

'hello'

'My name is dokelung, I am 27 years old.'

'打上面那行後就可以用中文字串'

變數可任意換型別

result = 2

result = 'hello'

2

'hello'

清單 (list)

儲存一串可改的資料

lst = ['dokelung', 27, None]

lst[-2]

lst[1] = 28

lst.append('New')

first_element = lst.pop(0)

lst.sort()

person = ['dokelung', 27, [1988, 09, 30]]

['dokelung', 27, None]

27

['dokelung', 28, None]

['dokelung', 28, None, 'New']

[28, None, 'New']

[None, 28, 'New']

['dokelung', 27, [1988, 09, 30]]

元組 (tuple)

儲存一串不可改的資料

tup = (1, 2, 3)

tup[0]

tup[1] = 0 

 (1, 2, 3)

1

TypeError

字典 (dictionary)

每筆資料都有不可改的key

對應可改的value

dic = {'name':'dokelung', 'age':27}

dic['name'] 

dic['age'] = 28

dic['gender'] = 'male' 

{'name':'dokelung', 'age':27}

'dokelung'

{'name':'dokelung', 'age':28}

{'gender': 'male', 'age': 27, 'name': 'dokelung'} 

a = 1

1

a += 1

2

0 < a <= 5

True

True and False or not True

False

1 == 1

1 is 1

[1, 2, 3] == [1, 2, 3]

[1, 2, 3] is [1, 2, 3]

True

True

True

False

'll' in 'hello world'

True

if 3 <= month <= 5:

    print 'Spring'

elif 6 <= month <= 8:

    print 'Summer'

elif 9 <= month <= 11:

    print 'Fall'

else:

    print 'Winter'

string = 'spring' if 3 <= month <= 5 else 'not spring'

n = 5

count = 0

while True:

    if count <= 0:

        count+= 1

        continue

    print 'just print {n} times'.format(n=n)

    if count == n:

        break

    count += 1

lst = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

lst_square = []

for num in lst:

    lst_square.append(num**2)

lst_square = [num**2 for num in lst]  #[1, 4, 9, 16, 25] 

lst_square = [num**2 for num in lst if num%2==0]  #[4, 16]

scores = [88, 90, 100, 65, 78]

score_dic = { idx:score for idx, score in enumerate(scores) } 

print 'dokelung', 27,

print 'not change line'

dokelung 27 not change line

answer = 6

while True:

    str_num = input('Enter an integer in 1-10:')

    int_num = int(str_num)

    if int_num==answer:

        print('True!')

        break

Enter an integer in 1-10:5

Enter an integer in 1-10:3

Enter an integer in 1-10:6

True!

f = open('test_file')

for line in f:

    print line.strip()

f.seek(0)

print f.readline()

f.close()

line1

line2

line3

line1

lst = ["First line", "Second line"]

with open('test_file', 'w') as f:

    for line in lst:

        print >>f, line

First line
Second line

with open('test_file') as f:

    for line in f:

        try:

            a, b = line.strip().split()

            print int(a)+int(b)

        except:

            pass

<test_file>

3 4
20 19

??? %%%
1 2 3
0

<output>

7
39

int('99')

99

float(99)

99.0

bool('')

False

str(99)

'99'

list((1,2,3))

[1,2,3]

list(set([1,1,2,2]))

[1,2]

all([True,True,False])

False

for num in range(5):

    print num,

for num in range(2,5):

    print num,

0 1 2 3 4

2 3 4

def power(base, exp):

    return base ** exp

print power(exp=3, base=2)

def print_list(rec_lst):

    for item in rec_lst:

        if isinstance(item, list):

            print_list(item)

        else:

            print item

rec_lst = [1, 2, [3, 4, 5], 6, [7, [8, 9]]]

print_list(rec_lst) 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

def add(a, b=1, c=1, d=1):

    return a+b+c+d

print add(5,5)

def add(*tup):

    return sum(tup)

lst[1,2,3,4]

print add(lst[0], lst[1])

print add(lst[0], lst[1], lst[2])

print add(*lst)

3

6

10

dic = {'base':2, 'exp':3}

print power(base=2, exp=3)

print power(**dic)

8

8

def print_result(head):

    def decorator(func):

        def modified_func(*args,**kwargs):

            result = func(*args,**kwargs)

            print head, result

        return modified_func

    return decorator

@print_result(head='result:')

def add(*tup):

    return sum(tup)

#same as: add = print_result(head='result:') (add)

add(1,2,3,4,5)

class Animal:

    def __init__ (self, name):

        self.name = name

    def run (self):

        print self.name, 'runs'

    def introduce_my_self (self):

        print "Hello, I'm", self.name

class Cat (Animal):

    def shout (self):

        print 'Meoq'

class Dog (Animal):

    def shout (self):

        print 'Bark'

class Human(Animal):

    def __init__ (self, name, id):

        if id <= 0:

            raise ValueError('id should be positive!')

        self.name = name

        self.id = id

my_cat = Cat('Kitty')
my_cat.introduce_my_self()

my_dog = Dog('One')
print my_dog.name

me = Human('Dokelung', -1)

import sys

print sys.argv

$python test.py Hello World

['test.py', 'Hello', 'World']